Ubuntu Guia – [PDF Document]

Ubuntu Server Guide

Ubuntu Documentation Project

Ubuntu Server Guidepor Ubuntu Documentation Project Copyright 2004, 2005, 2006 Canonical Ltd. and members of the Ubuntu Documentation Project

ResumenIntroduccin a la instalacin y configuracin de aplicaciones de servidor en Ubuntu.

Crditos y licenciasLos siguientes autores del Equipo de Documentacin de Ubuntu mantienen este documento: Bhuvaneswaran Arumugam La Server Guide de Ubuntu se basa tambin en las contribuciones de: Robert Stoffers Brian Shumate Rocco Stanzione Este documento est disponible bajo una estrategia de doble licencia que incluye la Licencia de Documentacin Libre de GNU (GFDL) y la licencia Creative Commons Compartir Igual 2.0 (CC-BY-SA). Ud. es libre de modificar, extender y mejorar el cdigo fuente de la documentacin de Ubuntu bajo los trminos de estas licencias. Todos los trabajos derivados deben ser publicados bajo alguna de esas licencias (o ambas). Esta documentacin se distribuye con la esperanza de que sea til, pero SIN NINGUNA GARANTA; ni siquiera la garanta implcita de COMERCIALIZACIN o de que SEA ADECUADA PARA UN PROPSITO PARTICULAR, TAL Y COMO SE INDICA EN LA CLUSULA DE EXENCIN DE RESPONSABILIDAD. En la seccin de apndices de este libro tiene disponibles copias de estas licencias. En las siguientes URLs podr encontrar versiones en lnea: GNU Free Documentation License [http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html] Attribution-ShareAlike 2.0 [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/]

DisclaimerEvery effort has been made to ensure that the information compiled in this publication is accurate and correct. However, this does not guarantee complete accuracy. Neither Canonical Ltd., the authors, nor translators shall be held liable for possible errors or the consequences thereof. Some of the software and hardware descriptions cited in this publication may be registered trademarks and may thus fall under copyright restrictions and trade protection laws. In no way do the authors make claim to any such names. THIS DOCUMENTATION IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHORS «AS IS» AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

Tabla de contenidosAbout This Guide ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 1. Conventions …………………………………………………………………………………………….. 2. Contributing and Feedback …………………………………………………………………………. 1. Introduccin ……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 2. Instalacin ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 1. Preparando la instalacin ……………………………………………………………………………. 2. Instalacin desde el CD ……………………………………………………………………………… 3. Gestin de paquetes …………………………………………………………………………………………. 1. Introduccin …………………………………………………………………………………………….. 2. Apt-Get ………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 3. Aptitude ………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 4. Configuracin ………………………………………………………………………………………….. 5. Repositorios adicionales …………………………………………………………………………….. 4. Red ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 1. Configuracin de red …………………………………………………………………………………. 2. TCP/IP …………………………………………………………………………………………………… 3. Configuracin del cortafuegos ……………………………………………………………………… 4. Servidor OpenSSH ……………………………………………………………………………………. 5. Servidor FTP …………………………………………………………………………………………… 6. Network File System (NFS) ………………………………………………………………………… 7. Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) ……………………………………………….. 8. Servicio de nombres de dominio (DNS) …………………………………………………………. 9. CUPS – Servidor de impresin …………………………………………………………………….. 10. HTTPD – Servidor web Apache2 ………………………………………………………………… 11. PHP5 – Lenguaje de scripts ……………………………………………………………………….. 12. Servidor proxy Squid ……………………………………………………………………………….. 13. Sistema de control de versiones ………………………………………………………………….. 14. Bases de datos ………………………………………………………………………………………… 15. Servicios de correo electrnico …………………………………………………………………… 16. Sincronizar la hora con NTP ……………………………………………………………………… 5. Redes Windows ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 1. Introduccin …………………………………………………………………………………………….. 2. Instalar SAMBA ………………………………………………………………………………………. 3. Configurar SAMBA ………………………………………………………………………………….. A. Creative Commons by Attribution-ShareAlike 2.0 ………………………………………………….. B. GNU Free Documentation License ……………………………………………………………………… 1. PREAMBLE ……………………………………………………………………………………………. 2. APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS ………………………………………………………… 3. VERBATIM COPYING …………………………………………………………………………….. 4. COPYING IN QUANTITY ………………………………………………………………………… vi vii viii 9 10 11 13 14 15 16 18 20 21 22 23 26 30 33 36 38 40 43 45 48 58 60 62 69 72 84 86 87 88 89 95 100 101 102 104 105

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Ubuntu Server Guide 5. MODIFICATIONS ……………………………………………………………………………………. 6. COMBINING DOCUMENTS ……………………………………………………………………… 7. COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS …………………………………………………………….. 8. AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS ………………………………………… 9. TRANSLATION ………………………………………………………………………………………. 10. TERMINATION …………………………………………………………………………………….. 11. FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE …………………………………………………. 12. ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your documents …………………………….. 106 108 109 110 111 112 113 114

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Lista de tablas2.1. Requisitos mnimos recomendados ……………………………………………………………………. 11 4.1. Mtodos de acceso ………………………………………………………………………………………… 63

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About This Guide

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About This Guide

1. ConventionsThe following notes will be used throughout the book: A note presents interesting, sometimes technical, pieces of information related to the surrounding discussion. A tip offers advice or an easier way of doing something.

A caution alerts the reader to potential problems and helps avoid them.

A warning advises the reader of a hazard that may arise in a given scenario.

Cross-reference conventions for print will be displayed as follows: Links to other documents or websites will look like this [http://www.ubuntu.com]. PDF, HTML, and XHTML versions of this document will use hyperlinks to handle cross-referencing. Type conventions will be displayed as follows: File names or paths to directories will be shown in monospace. Commands that you type at a Terminal command prompt will be shown as:command to type

Options that you click, select, or choose in a user interface will look like this. Menu selections, mouse actions, and keyboard short-cuts: A sequence of menu selections will be displayed as follows: File Open Mouse actions shall